MPs with vaalikone
200
Finnish politics, measured.
A data-led look at the Eduskunta: 41,528 plenary speeches, 281 MPs across 9 parties, 2019–2026. Who talks, what they ask, and where they sit on the ideological map.
01 · activity
Parliament activity
Explore speeches, questions, and initiatives by party or MP. Compare raw totals or adjust for seats and active MPs across the Marin and Orpo terms.
→04 · topics
Which party talks about what?
See which topics each party discusses more than the chamber average, and compare the priorities of government and opposition parties.
→02 · ideology
Compass
Our speech-derived GAL-TAN coordinates for each party, overlaid on CHES, Manifesto Project, and EVA.
→05 · time
How does positioning shift?
Track how party positions move from year to year and how events change the topics discussed in parliament.
→03 · accountability
Do they speak as promised?
Compare each MP's 2023 election questionnaire answers with the positions in their plenary speeches during the Orpo term, using the same two axes.
→parties in scope
vas sd vihr liik r kesk kd kok ps
activity
Parliament activity
See who does what in the Eduskunta: plenary speeches, written and oral questions, interpellations, and motions. Toggle between speeches and questions & initiatives, group by party or by MP, and normalize by seats or sitting MPs to compare fairly across party sizes. Covers 2019–2026 across the Marin and Orpo terms.
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Speeches come from plenary puheenvuoro records; the type buckets collapse the Finnish labels into six groups (Regular, Reply, Fast, Group, Intro, Other). Questions & initiatives are first-signer matters: KK written, SKT oral, VK interpellation, TPA/TAA/KA motions. Seat counts are from the official Vaalit.fi results (2019, 2023). "Sitting MPs" counts MPs who gave at least one speech in the term. Note the systematic government/opposition effect: governing parties file far fewer questions because they don't interrogate themselves. In the all-years view, per-seat figures divide by the combined seats across both electoral terms (seat-terms), while per-MP figures use distinct speakers across the whole period.
topics
Which party talks about what?
Each party's share of speeches per area, expressed as an over-index (party share ÷ area's share across the whole chamber). A 3.6× cell means: this party talks about this topic 3.6× more often than the chamber average. Dataset: 41,528 area-tagged speeches.
term
group
color scale (over-index) below average → above average
Over-index = party's speech share on an area ÷ the area's share across the whole chamber for the same term. The baseline is fixed to the whole chamber so the government/opposition filter stays on the same scale. Figures use the published area dataset (full sample).
compass
Ideological compass
Each party is plotted from 20,763 accepted axis scores from 18,319 distinct speeches. X-axis: economic (−2 left … +2 right). Y-axis: GAL-TAN (−2 cosmopolitan/green … +2 traditional/nationalist). Bubble size ∝ number of accepted axis scores.
overlay references
tie-lines
Every sufficiently long speech is evaluated separately on the economic and GAL-TAN axes. The model may mark either or both axes unscorable when the speech contains no explicit position from the speaker. Accepted −2…+2 axis scores are averaged by party. Speeches were scored by deepseek-v4-flash; the party is withheld from the prompt. The prompt is in the about section. References are scaled to the same −2…+2 axis: CHES (0–10 GAL-TAN → −2..+2 via (x-5)·0.4); Manifesto (RILE -100..+100 → -2..+2 via x/50); EVA (Economic/social -1..+1 → -2..+2 via ×2).
Reference datasets
- CHES
- Chapel Hill Expert Survey: Expert judgments on party positions (2015 trend file). (0–10 GAL-TAN → −2..+2 via (x-5)·0.4)
- Manifesto
- Manifesto Project (MARPOR): Automated coding of party election manifestos (RILE index). (RILE -100..+100 → -2..+2 via x/50)
- EVA
- EVA value survey: Finnish citizen value survey ('Suomen kuvitettu arvokartta'). (Economic/social -1..+1 → -2..+2 via ×2)
party outliers
Pick a party and see its MPs on the Orpo-term speech compass. Highlighted are those furthest from the party speech mean toward the left or right (economic) and toward GAL or TAN.
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Governing vs opposition
The same data, split by whether a party was in government or in opposition when it spoke. Each line joins a party’s mean economic position in opposition (○) to its mean in government (●). Every party that changed role sits further right while governing. This holds for every party that changed roles.
axis
in opposition in government
Mean shift +0.38 points rightward on the economic axis (7 parties). Part of this is era, not role: RKP, which governed under both cabinets, drifted +0.46 rightward between the Marin and Orpo eras, but the role effect remains. On the values axis (GAL-TAN) there is almost no such shift (+0.16): role colours economic stance, not values. Reading: the compass’s economic axis partly measures incumbency, not ideology alone.
trends
How do position and agenda shift over time?
Two signals per parliamentary year (2019–2026): each party's mean position on each ideological axis, and the whole chamber's agenda shares by area. Built from 20,763 accepted axis scores from 18,319 distinct speeches.
Party ideological drift
In opposition, parties drift toward their own pole; when right-wing parties enter government they move right, and the left sharpens in opposition. The vertical dashed line marks the Marin→Orpo government handover (2022→2023).
axis
Hollow markers = thin sample (n < 30 for that year).
Agenda over time
The chamber's speech share per area per year. The agenda follows events: security spike in 2022 (war), immigration in 2024 (new government), energy in 2022 (crisis).
measure
areas shown
A single MP's agenda
The same measurement, one MP at a time. Pick a name from the dropdown to see how their topic mix shifts year by year — whether their focus is steady or tracks the same events as the whole chamber.
MP
measure
areas shown
The selected MP has no area-tagged speeches.
Show raw data (yearly means and shares)
Position = mean stance scored from speech substance (−2…+2); the party is withheld from the prompt, so the judgement rests on what was said. The 2019 samples are small (n≈30–90/party), so they use hollow markers. Agenda shares come from the published area dataset.
consistency
Election promises and speech alignment
All 200 sitting MPs' pre-election answers (Yle/HS eduskuntavaalit 2023 vaalikone) projected onto the economic and GAL-TAN axes. These are the same axes used by the compass. The answers are then compared with where their Orpo-term parliamentary work lands. The economic and GAL-TAN classification is done by a large language model. The arrow shows drift between the election-compass and parliamentary-work positions; the salience bars show whether their floor focus matched what they felt strongest about before the election.
MPs with stance-scored speeches
193
median drift (vaalikone → speeches)
0.76
mean drift
0.78
average drift by party
| party | MPs | mean drift | median drift |
|---|---|---|---|
| Liike Nyt (liik) (liik) | 1 | 0.21 | 0.21 |
| Left Alliance (vas) (vas) | 11 | 0.47 | 0.39 |
| Christian Democrats (kd) (kd) | 5 | 0.51 | 0.48 |
| Greens (vihr) (vihr) | 13 | 0.63 | 0.64 |
| National Coalition (kok) (kok) | 44 | 0.71 | 0.69 |
| Social Democrats (sd) (sd) | 42 | 0.79 | 0.80 |
| Finns Party (ps) (ps) | 44 | 0.81 | 0.75 |
| Swedish Party (r) (r) | 9 | 0.91 | 0.75 |
| Centre (kesk) (kesk) | 23 | 1.10 | 1.04 |
vote alignment
by party
how often party members voted according to their vaalikone answers
per question
votes where representatives diverged from their answers
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N/A
parliamentary work
Orpo-term activity at a glance. Comparison figures = party and parliament means.
vaalikone vs speech position
issue salience: promised and discussed
tags: signed and spoken
signed: what they put their name on
spoken: what they discussed on the floor
election answer → parliamentary work
Each answer is connected to speeches on the same issue, documents first-signed by the MP, and manually reviewed roll-call mappings. A topic match is a lead, not proof of a position.
Promised coordinates are projected from each MP's 30 vaalikone answers: every question is hand-mapped to one axis (economic or GAL-TAN) and a sign (whether "agree" points left/GAL or right/TAN). Each answer's (value − 3) is multiplied by the sign and averaged across that axis's questions, yielding a −2…+2 coordinate directly comparable to the speech stances. Speech-position coordinates are the mean of each MP's per-speech stance scores during the Orpo term (2023–). Drift is the euclidean distance between the two points. The headline drift measures broad speech alignment. The question-level audit keeps topic matches separate from compliance verdicts. A vote match or contradiction requires a mapped vote: the mapping is LLM-suggested and direction-validated against the party Jaa/Ei split. A same-direction marker is the weakest signal: the MP spoke in the area in a consistent direction, without addressing this specific claim.